معاجمِ عربیہ کا تاریخی ارتقا اورفن تخریج الحدیث میں معاجمِ اطراف الحدیث کی اہمیت: ”تحفة الاشراف بمعرفة الاطراف“ کا اختصاصی مطالعہ

Historical Evolution of Arabic lexicons and significance of Atrāf-‛l-Ḥadīth in the Science of takhrīj-‛l-Ḥadīth: case study of “Toḥfat-‛l-Ashrāf bi M’arifati ‛l Atrāf”

Abstract

: Takhrīj ‛l Ḥadīth” (Expurgation) means the act of extracting from books a Ḥadīth (Tradition) along with its narrations and making it an object of criticism /discussion. Takhrīj is also a guidance that describes the presence of a particular Ḥadīth in original sources and mentions its chain of transmission as well as narrates, if it is required in reliability of that Ḥadīth. Whereas “Tarf ‛l Ḥadīth” means narrating a piece of Ḥadīth that connotes the whole Ḥadīth. This terminology is exclusively associated with Takhrīj ‛l Ḥadīth. The “Atraf ‛l Ḥadīth” is the referral book of Aḥadīth in which the author mentions a well-known portion of Ḥadīth and sometimes he brings a word or sentence alphabetically to refer the body of text from same Ḥadīth. It maks easy to complete the chain of transmission of the Ḥadīth. Moreover, the author also mentions the complete referral books in which that particular Ḥadīth is narrated. The “Kutub‛l faharis” (Books of Indexes) are also guide to make easy indexes of Aḥadīth by which the particular Ḥadīth may be searched from the original sources of Aḥadīth. This article deals with the fundamentals of the art of “Atarāf ‛l Ḥadīth” as well as introduction and methodological study of “Toḥfat-‛l-Ashrāf bi M’arifati ‛l Atrāf” that is most important book on this topic written by Hafiz ul Muzzi, the famous Syrian scholar of Ḥadīth sciences in 8^th century Hijrah.