التأصيل الفقهي لأحكام المستجدات الطبية: قرارات مجمع الفقه الإسلامي الدولي أنموذجًا

Juristic Foundations for Contemporary Medical Issues: An Analytical Study of the Resolutions of the International Islamic Fiqh

Abstract

Despite the growing number of conferences and resolutions addressing contemporary medical issues, these topics have not received the same scholarly attention as Islamic financial transactions. In light of the rapid advancement of modern medicine and the increasing emergence of novel bioethical questions, there is a pressing need to analyze medical issues from an Islamic juristic perspective in order to identify the foundational legal principles upon which their rulings are established. This study aims to examine the juristic foundations underlying the rulings on contemporary medical issues issued by the International Islamic Fiqh Academy. The research undertakes a comprehensive examination of all the Academy’s resolutions related to medical matters, totaling 238 resolutions. Through an inductive and analytical investigation of these resolutions and the scholarly discussions surrounding them, the study seeks to identify the governing juristic principles that regulate contemporary medical rulings. More specifically, the study addresses the following questions: (1) What are the juristic foundations underlying the rulings on contemporary medical developments issued by the International Islamic Fiqh Academy? and (2) Which contemporary medical issues may be categorized within these juristic foundations? The research adopts inductive, analytical, and comparative methodologies. The study concludes that the juristic resolutions issued by the Academy in the medical field—comprising twenty-eight major rulings—may be traced back to ten principal juristic foundations. Furthermore, the study identifies twenty-eight contemporary medical issues and classifies them according to these ten juristic foundations.