Stakeholder-Driven Conceptual Framework for Blended Learning Implementation in Higher Educational System

Abstract

The study aimed to develop conceptual framework for the higher education institutions for adopting blended learning approach for the enhancement of access to education. For developing proposed framework, the mixed-methods research study was conducted on higher education institutions in Islamabad, stakeholders for the study were students, teachers, and administrators, their perceptions and suggestions were considered to propose a framework. For that reason, the quantitative data was collected through self-developed questionnaires for teachers and students and for qualitative data collection self-developed interview guidelines were used to collect the data, before that pilot testing and reliability checked which was sufficient to conduct the survey and interviews. The purposive on random sampling techniques was to collect data from four hundred and thirty-five students, fifty-eight teachers, and thirty administrators. The findings of the study revealed that on the basis of assessing readiness and challenges faced to implement blended learning five main factors number one was access to technology, administrative support, motivation, content knowledge, and self-efficacy, is very important. Secondly, innovative teaching technique, teachers’ professional development, third physical infrastructure like, internet broadband facility and strong digital information, fourth, for implementing blended learning higher education institutions policies need to be defined clearly, lastly, remove challenges, like; connectivity issues, untrained teachers, and poor instructional design capacity. The recommendation of the study was to expand blended learning programs across universities. It may be done with the balance of online and face-to-face instructions.

Keywords: Blended learning, readiness, stakeholders, framework, higher education institutions